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Acoustic Ecology and the Soundscape Bibliography

Compiled by Maksymilian Kapelanski, October 2003. E-mail: xkapelanski@yahoo.ca.

The following is a bibliography of published material pertaining to the interdisciplinary fields of acoustic ecology, soundscape research, soundscape composition, soundscape education ("ear cleaning"), and acoustic design. The bibliography takes into special account the writings of R. Murray Schafer, the "father of acoustic ecology", and his research team, the World Soundscape Project, by providing information on all editions of their writings, including revisions, collections and some translations. The bibliography is organized into three sections: Primary Literature, Interview and Secondary Literature.


Primary Literature

Acoustic Ecology Research Group website: http://webapps1.ucalgary.ca/~acoustic/

Beck, Alan (no date) "Listening to Radio Plays: Fictional Soundscapes" http://interact.uoregon.edu/MediaLit/wfae/readings/Listentoradio.html. Visited Oct. 2003.

Böhme, Gernot (2000) "Acoustic Atmospheres: A Contribution to the Study of Ecological Aesthetics" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/1, pp. 14-18.

Bosshard, Andres (1993) "Discovering and Exploring the Terrestrial Soundscape". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol. II, no publisher, no pagination.

Bronzaft, Arline L. (2000) "Acoustic Ecologists and Environmental Psychologists: Working Toward a Quieter and Healthier Soundscape" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/2, pp. 24-26.

Copeland, Darren (2000) "Associative Listening" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/1, pp. 23-25.

Dandrel, Louis (1993) "Sound Town Planning". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol. I, no publisher, no pagination.

Dietze, Lena (2000) "Learning is Living. Acoustic Ecology as Pedagogical Ground: A Report on Experience" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/1, pp. 20-22.

Dyrssen, Catharina (1998) "Eyes Letting Go". In: Yearbook of Soundscape Studies I, pp. 7-24.

Feld, Steven (1993) "From Ethnomusicology to Echo-muse-ecology. Reading R. Murray Schafer in the Papua New Guinea Rainforest". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol. II, no publisher, no pagination.

Ferrington, Gary (2000) "Learning to Listen. Children’s Books that Guide the Way" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/1, pp. 26-27.

Ferrington, Gary (no date) "Audio Design: Creating Multi-Sensory Images For The Mind" http://interact.uoregon.edu/MediaLit/wfae/readings/sndesign.html Visited Oct. 2003.

Franklin, Ursula (2000) "Silence and the Notion of the Commons". Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/2, pp. 14-17.

Hedfors, Per; Grahn, Patrik (1998) "Soundscapes in Urban and Rural Planning and Design. In: Yearbook of Soundscape Studies I, pp. 67-82.

Hellstrom, Bjorn (1998) "The Voice of Place. A Case Study of the Soundscape of the City Quarter of Klara, Stockholm". In: Yearbook of Soundscape Studies I, pp. 25-42.

Ivakhiv, Adrian (1993) "De/composing (in) the Postmodern Soundscape". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol. II, no publisher, no pagination.

Järviluoma, Helmi; Gregg Wagstaff, eds.  (2002)  Soundscape Studies and Methods.  Helsinki: Finnish Society for Ethnomusicology Publ. 9 University of Turku Department of Art, Literature and Music, Series A 51.

Karlsson, Henrik. (2000) "The Acoustic Environment as Public Domain", Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/2, pp. 10-13.

Krause, Bernie L. (1993) "The niche hypothesis: A hidden symphony of animal sounds, the origins of musical expression and the health of habitats". Explorers Journal, 71/4, pp. 156-160.

Kruth, Patricia; Stobart, Henry. eds. (2000) Sound, Cambridge University Press.

Maeda, Koozoo (1993) "Reconstruction of the Historical Japanese Soundscape through Analysis of Haiku". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol. II, no publisher, no pagination.

McCartney, Andra (no date) "Sounding Places with Hildegard Westerkamp" http://www.emf.org/artists/mccartney00/text.html Visited Oct. 2003

McCartney, Andra (2000) "Soundwalking Blue Montreal" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/2, pp. 28-29.

Miller, Wreford (2000) "Silence in the Contemporary Soundscape". Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/2, pp. 18-19.

The New Soundscape Newsletter (1996-1997) Nos 1-7.

Peltonen, Maru (1998) "On the Soundscapes of Two Public Libraries in Helsinki". In: Yearbook of Soundscape Studies I, pp. 43-66.

Quin, Douglas (1993) "Amazonia/Rio Negro Sound Mapping Project". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol. II, no publisher, no pagination.

Reed, Vicki (2000) "Living Out Loud" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/2, pp. 22-23.

Schaeffer, Nancy (no date) "Music in World Cultures: Acoustic Ecology" http://www.stedwards.edu/newc/schaeffer/acoustic.htm. Visited Oct. 2003.

Schafer, R. Murray (1965) The Composer in the Classroom, Toronto: Berandol; before 1974 Vienna: Universal Edition (No. 26904); 1976 in: Creative Music Education: A Handbook for the Modern Music Teacher, New York: Macmillan (Shirmer Books); translated into Spanish 1983 El compositor en el aula, Ricordi Americana BA 13313; 1986 in: The Thinking Ear, Toronto: Arcana Editions, pp. 3-45.

Schafer, R. Murray (1967) Ear Cleaning. Toronto: Berandol; before 1974 Vienna: Universal Edition (no. 26906); 1976 in: Creative Music Education: A Handbook for the Modern Music Teacher, New York: Macmillan (Shirmer Books); translated into Spanish 1984 Limpieza de oidos, Ricordi Americana Ba 13314; 1986 in: The Thinking Ear, Toronto: Arcana Editions, pp. 46-92.

Schafer, R. Murray (1968) "Cleaning the Lenses of Perception". Artscanada No. 122-123, pp. 10-12; revised 1975 in: The Rhinoceros in the Classroom.

Schafer, R. Murray (1968) The New Soundscape Toronto: Berandol; 1969 as The New Soundscape: A Handbook for the Modern Music Teacher Toronto: Berandol (Soundscape Document No. 3); 1969 Vienna: Universal Edition; 1971a London ﾐ Vienna: Universal Edition (No. 26905); translated into German 1971b Der Schallwelt in der Wie leben, publisher unknown; 1976 in: Creative Music Education: A Handbook for the Modern Music Teacher New York: Macmillan (Shirmer Books); translated into Spanish 1985 El nuevo paisaje sonoro, Ricordi Americana BA 13315; 1986 in: The Thinking Ear Toronto: Arcana Editions, pp. 93-169.

Schafer, R. Murray (1968) Music and Education „Music Scene" 239-240, pp. 5-6, 9-10; rev. 1986 in: The Rhinoceros in the Classroom.

Schafer, R. Murray (1969a) „The City as a Sonic Sewer" Vancouver Sun, March 11, p. 61.

Schafer, R. Murray (1969b) A Social Survey on Noise, Communications Centre, Simon Fraser University.

Schafer, R. Murray (1969c) "A Basic Course" Source: Music of the Avant-Garde 5, pp. 44-47; rev. 1975 in: The Rhinoceros in the Classroom.

Schafer, R. Murray (1970?a) The Book of Noise. (Document No. 1 of the World Soundscape Project) Vancouver: Simon Fraser University; 1970 Vancouver: printed privately (Price Milburn); 1973 Wellington (Nowa Zelandia): Price Milburn.

Schafer, R. Murray (1970b) "A Middle East Sound Diary". Focus on Musicecology I, pp. 20-25. 1986 in: The Thinking Ear as part of „The New Soundscape" Toronto: Arcana Editions, pp. 161-169.

Schafer, R. Murray (1970c) When Words Sing Toronto: Berandol; 1970 as Discovering the World’s Soul in: Music Educator’s Journal LVII, pp. 31-32; before 1974 Vienna: Universal Edition (No. 26907); 1976 in: Creative Music Education: A Handbook for the Modern Music Teacher, New York: Macmillan (Shirmer Books); translated into Spanish 1984 Cuando las palabras cantan, Ricordi Americana BA 13316; 1986 in: The Thinking Ear Toronto: Arcana Editions, pp. 170-235.

Schafer, R. Murray (1973) North/White Vienna: Universal Edition; 1984 in: On Canadian Music Bancroft: Arcana Editions, pp. 62-63.

Schafer, R. Murray (1973) The Music of the Environment. 1973 Cultures (Unesco) I/1; 1973 Vienna: Universal Edition (No. 1 of an Occasional Journal devoted to Soundscape Studies) Wiedeń: Universal Edition; rev. 1977 in: The Tuning of the World, New York: Knopf, Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Ltd., passim; 1983 as excerpt in: "The Transformation of Water: Frozen Water" Musicworks 25; 1986 reprint of excerpt in: Decade. The First 10 Years of the Music Gallery Toronto/Amsterdam: Music Gallery Editions, p. 70; translated into Polish 1982 as „Muzyka Środowiska" by D. Gwizdalanka „Res Facta" IX, pp. 288-315.

Schafer, R. Murray (1974) "Listening". Sound Heritage III/4, pp. 10-17. 1977 text revised and included in: The Tuning of the World, New York: Knopf, Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Ltd., pp. 205-213.

Schafer, R. Murray (1975) The Rhinoceros in the Classroom. Toronto: Berandol; 1976 in: Creative Music Education: A Handbook for the Modern Music Teacher, New York: Macmillan (Shirmer Books);translated into Spanish 1984 El rinoceronte en el aula, Ricordi Americana BA 13317; 1986 in: The Thinking Ear, Toronto: Arcana Editions, pp. 236-291.

Schafer, R. Murray (1976a) "Exploring the New Soundscape". Unesco Courier XXIX, pp. 4-8.

Schafer, R. Murray (1976b) Creative Music Education: A Handbook for the Modern Music Teacher, New York: Macmillan (Shirmer Books); rev. 1986 as: The Thinking Ear.

Schafer, R. Murray (1976c) "Music in the Cold"; 1977 Toronto: published privately; 1977 Vanguard (Vancouver Art Gallery) VI/3; unknown date Arcana Editions; 1984 in: On Canadian Music Bancroft: Arcana Editions, pp. 64-74, p. 1984? „Musicworks" 26.

Schafer, R. Murray (1977) The Tuning of the World. New York: Knopf, Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Ltd.; translated into German 1988 Klang und Krach. Eine Kulturgeschichte des H„

ens. Frankfurt am Main: Athen舫m. Reprinted 1994 as Our Sonic Environment and the Soundscape: The Tuning of the World, Rochester, Vermont: Destiny Books.

Schafer, R. Murray, ed. (1977) Ezra Pound and Music: The Complete Criticism. New Directions.

Schafer, R. Murray (1979a) "The Listening Book". Open Letter IV/4-5, pp. 7-25.

Schafer, R. Murray (1979b) "Citycycles". Open Letter IV/4-5, pp. 26-29.

Schafer, R. Murray (1979c) "Ursound". Open Letter IV/4-5, pp. 79-92; 1993 in: Voices of Tyranny, Temples of Silence, pp. 11-28.

Schafer, R. Murray (1979?d) Music for Wilderness Lake publisher unknown; 1984 in: On Canadian Music. Bancroft, Ontario: Arcana Editions, pp. 95-100.

Schafer, R. Murray (1984a) "For Composers to Become Acoustic Designers" Musicworks 26, p. 3.

Schafer, R. Murray (1984b) On Canadian Music. Bancroft, Ontario: Arcana Editions.

Schafer, R. Murray (1984c) "North/White". In: On Canadian Music, Bancroft, Ontario: Arcana Editions, pp. 62-63.

Schafer, R. Murray (1984d) "Music in the Cold". In: On Canadian Music, Bancroft, Ontario: Arcana Editions, 1984, pp. 64-74.

Schafer, R. Murray (1984e) "Music for Wilderness Lake". In: On Canadian Music, Bancroft, Ontario: Arcana Editions, 1984, pp. 95-100.

Schafer, R. Murray (1984f) "The Princess of the Stars". In: On Canadian Music, Bancroft, Ontario: Arcana Editions, pp. 101-105.

Schafer, R. Murray (1985) "McLuhan and Acoustic Space" The Antigonish Review LXII, pp. 105-113; revised 1993 as Acoustic Space in: Voices of Tyranny, Temples of Silence, Indian River: Arcana Editions, pp. 29-44.

Schafer, R. Murray (1986a) The Thinking Ear: Complete Writings on Music Education. Toronto: Arcana Editions.

Schafer, R. Murray (1986b) "The Transformation of Water: Frozen Water". In: Decade. The First 10 Years of the Music Gallery. Toronto, Amsterdam: Music Gallery Editions, p. 70.

Schafer, R. Murray (1990) "Radical Radio". In: Sound by Artists, red. D. Lander, M. Lexier. Banff, Laverta: Art Metropole & Walter Phillips Gallery, pp. 207-216.

Schafer, R. Murray (1991) Patria and the Theatre of Confluence. Indian River: Arcana Editions.

Schafer, R. Murray (1992a) "Music, Non-Music and the Soundscape". In: Companion to Contemporary Musical Thought, red. J. Paynter, T. Howell, R. Orton i P. Seymour. London: Routledge, pp. 34-45; 1993 as Music and the Soundscape in: Voices of Tyranny, Temples of Silence, Indian River: Arcana Editions, pp. 115-130.

Schafer, R. Murray (1992b) A Sound Education. 100 Exercices in Listening and Sound-Making. Indian River, Ontario: Arcana Editions; translated into Polish 1995 Poznaj Dźwięk. 100 ćwiczeń w słuchaniu i tworzeniu dźwięk&Mac240; by Rafał Augustyn. Poznań: Brevis.

Schafer, R. Murray (1993) Voices of Tyranny, Temples of Silence. Indian River, Ontario: Arcana Editions.

Schafer, R. Murray (1996a) Without title. [Liner notes to a double CD recording Soundscape Vancouver (CSR-2CD 9701)]. Burnaby, B.C.: Cambridge Street Records].

Schafer, R. Murray (1996b) "Soundscape und Akustische ﾖkologie". In: Klangkunst. Ed. Helga de la Motte-Haber. M&Mac240;chen: Prestel.

Schafer, R. Murray (1998a) Preface. In: Yearbook of Soundscape Studies („Northern Soundscapes") I, ed. R. Murray Schafer, Helmi J_ rviluoma; University of Tampere, Dept. of Folk Tradition, p. 5.

Schafer, R. Murray (1998b) "Winter Diary. Journal of the Making of a Radio Program". In: Yearbook of Soundscape Studies I, pp. 107-118.

Schafer, R. Murray (1998c) "A review of ´A l’écoute de l’environnement. Repertoire des effets sonores, eds. Jean-Francois Augoyard and Henry Torgueª". Yearbook of Soundscape Studies I, pp. 158-163.

Schafer, R. Murray (2000) "Guy S. Métraux" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/2, pp. 32.

Schryer, Claude (1993) "Electroacoustic Sound Ecology". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol. II, no publisher, no pagination.

Schryer, Claude (1994) "Electroacoustic Ecology in Canada: Bicycle Orchestras and Radio Pirates" http://interact.uoregon.edu/MediaLit/wfae/readings/schryer2.html Visited Oct. 2003.

Schryer, Claude (1997) "Thoughts on Electroacoustic Ecology". In: Soundscape Design. Klangwelten Horzeichen. Ed. Hans Ulrich Werner. Basel: Akroama, pp. 185-193.

Smith, Bruce. R. (1999) The Acoustic World of Early Modern England, University of Chicago Press.

Smith, Christopher (1993) "The Acoustic Experience of Place". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol.II, no publisher, no pagination.

Soundscape: The Journal of Acoustic Ecology (2000-2001) Vols. I-II.

The Soundscape Newsletter (1991-1996) Nos 1-12.

Thompson, Emily (2002) The Soundscape of Modernity, MIT Press.

Truax, Barry (1974) "Soundscape Studies: An Introduction to the World Soundscape Project". Numus-West 5, pp. 36-39.

Truax, Barry (1977) "The Soundscape and Technology". Interface VI, pp. 1-8.

Truax, Barry (1984) Acoustic Communication. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation. (see 2001: 2nd edition)

Truax, Barry (1992a) "Electroacoustic Music and the Soundscape: the Inner and Outer World". In: Companion to Contemporary Musical Thought, ed. J. Paynter, T. Howell. R. Orton, P. Seymour. London: Routledge, pp. 374-398.

Truax, Barry (1992c) "Musical Creativity and Complexity at the Threshold of the 21st Century". Interface XXI/1, pp. 29-42.

Truax, Barry (1994a) "The Inner and Outer Complexity of Music". Perspectives of New Music XXXII/1, pp. 176-193.

Truax, Barry (1996a) "Soundscape, Acoustic Communication and Environmental Sound Composition. Contemporary Music Review XV/1, pp. 44-65.

Truax, Barry (1996b) "Sounds and Sources in Powers of Two: Towards a Contemporary Myth". Organised Sound I/1, pp. 13-21.

Truax, Barry (1997) "Listening and the Electroacoustic Community". [Talk given at "Ganzohr" Symposium, Hessische Rundfunk, Kassel, Sept. 1997]. http://www.sfu.ca:80/~truax/ganzohr.html. Visited Oct. 2003.

Truax, Barry (1998) Models and Strategies for Acoustic Design. [Talk given at Acoustic Ecology Conference, Stockholm, June 1998] http://www.sfu.ca:80/~truax/models. Visited Oct. 2003.

Truax, Barry (2000) "Soundscape Composition as Global Music" [Sound Escape Conference Text. Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, July 1] http://www.sfu.ca/~truax/soundescape.html Visited Oct. 2003.

Truax, Barry (2001a) Acoustic Communication 2nd edition. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Truax, Barry (2001b) Handbook for Acoustic Ecology. [CD-ROM] Vancouver: Cambridge Street Publishing.

Truax, Barry (2001c). "Acoustic Communication Studies at Simon Fraser University" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 2/2, pp. 11-15.

Truax, Barry (2002) "Genres and Techniques of Soundscape Composition as Developed at Simon Fraser University" Organised Sound 7/1, pp. 5-14.

Truax, Barry; Westerkamp, Hildegard (1993) "The World Soundscape Project: 25 Years in Vancouver". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol.I, no publisher, no pagination.

Truax, Barry; Westerkamp, Hildegard (1996) Untitled. [Liner notes for double CD Soundscape Vancouver (SCR-2CD 9701). Burnaby, B. C. Cambridge Street Records].

Vikman, Noora (1998) "Northern Nostalgy. Reading Sound Diary from the South". Yearbook of Soundscape Studies I, pp. 95-106.

Vikman, Noora (2000) "Travelling the World Soundscape Project Upstream: from Cembra to Vancouver" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/2, pp. 29-30.

Wagstaff, Gregg (2000) "From the Isles of Lewis and Harris" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/1, p. 19.

Wagstaff, Gregg (1999) What is Acoustic Ecology's 'Ecology'. Soundscape Newsletter, no. 9.

Weinzweig, John (1990) Sounds and Reflections. Grimsby: Poole Hall Press.

Werner, Hans Ulrich; insertionisten (1997) Soundscape Design. Klangwelten Horzeichen. Basel: Akroama.

Werner, Hans Ulrich (1998) "Northland: Soundscape Polaroids". Yearbook of Soundscape Studies I, pp. 83-94.

Westerkamp, Hildegard (1974) "Soundwalking". Sound Heritage III/4, pp. 18-27.

Westerkamp, Hildegard (1980) "The New Museum of Anthropology in Vancouver: An Acoustic Dump" Musing II/1.

Westerkamp, Hildegard (1990a) "Cool Drool". In: Sound by Artists, ed. D. Lander, M. Lexier. Banff, Alberta: Art Metropole & Walter Phillips Gallery, pp. 222-226.

Westerkamp, Hildegard (1990b) "Listening and Soundmaking: A Study of Music-as-Environment". In: Sound by Artists, ed. D. Lander, M. Lexier. Banff, Alberta: Art Metropole & Walter Phillips Gallery, pp. 227-234.

Westerkamp, Hildegard (1994) "The Soundscape on Radio". In: Radio Rethink: Art, Sound and Transmission, ed. D. Augaitis i D. Lander, pp. 86-94.

Westerkamp, Hildegard (1997a) "Silent Night in the City". The New Soundscape Newsletter 3, p. 5.

Westerkamp, Hildegard (1997b) "Bourges at Night". The New Soundscape Newsletter 5, pp. 7-8.

Westerkamp, Hildegard (1998) "Nada: An Experience in Sound" http://interact.uoregon.edu/MediaLit/wfae/readings/nada.html. Visited Oct. 2003

Westerkamp, Hildegard (1999) "Soundscape Composition: Linking Inner and Outer Worlds" [Written for Soundscape be)for(e 2000 conference, Amsterdam, November 19-26] http://interact.uoregon.edu/MediaLit/wfae/readings/westerkamp_ssc.html. Visited Oct. 2003.

Westerkamp, Hildegard (2000) "Sound Excursion: Plano Pilato, Brasilia" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/2, pp. 18-19.

Wishart, Trevor (1996) On Sonic Art, ed. Simon Emmerson. Contemporary Music Studies Volume 12. Hardwood Academic Publishers.

World Forum for Acoustic Ecology (WFAE) website: http://interact.uoregon.edu/medialit/wfae/home/index.html. Visited Oct. 2003.

World Soundscape Project (1972) A Brief Introduction to the World Soundscape Project; 1972 as World Soundscape Project in: A Survey of Community Noise By-laws in Canada, page without number; revised 1973 Vancouver; rev. 1977 in: Five Village Soundscapes, Vancouver: A.R.C. Publications, p. 82; 1977 in: European Sound Diary, Vancouver: ARC Publications, p. 102; 1978 Vancouver: A.R.C. Publications, p. 165.

World Soundscape Project (1972) A Survey of Community Noise By-Laws in Canada, ed. R. Murray Schafer. Burnaby, B.C.: Simon Fraser University.

World Soundscape Project (1974) The Vancouver Soundcape, ed. R. Murray Schafer. (Soundscape Document No. 5) Vancouver: Labatt Breweries of Canada; 1978 (Music of the Environment Series No. 2) Vancouver: A.R.C. Publications; excerpt 1996 in: liner notes to Soundscape Vancouver (CSR-2CD 9701) Burnaby, B.C.: Cambridge Street Records.

World Soundscape Project (1977a) Five Village Soundscapes, ed. R. Murray Schafer. (No. 4 in "The Music of the Environment Series") Vancouver: ARC Publications.

World Soundscape Project (1977b) European Sound Diary, ed. R. Murray Schafer. (No. 3 in "The Music of the Environment Series") Vancouver: ARC Publications.

World Soundscape Project (1977?c) A Dictionary of Acoustic Ecology Vancouver: Simon Fraser University?; 1978 as Handbook for Acoustic Ecology, ed. Barry Truax (Music of the Environment Series No. 5) Vancouver: A.R.C. Publications.

World Soundscape Project (1978) Handbook for Acoustic Ecology, ed. Barry Truax. (No. 5 in "The Music of the Environment Series". Editor of series: R. Murray Schafer.) Vancouver: ARC Publications.

Wreford, Miller (1993) "Ecology and the Ideology of Sound". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol.II, no publisher, no pagination.

Wrightson, Kendall (2000) "An Introduction to Acoustic Ecology". Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/1, pp. 10-13.

Young, Gayle (1993) "Harmony in the Soundscape". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol.II, no publisher, no pagination.


Interviews

Broomfield, Howard; Orchard, Imbert; Truax, Barry (1974) "Commentary: Aural History and The World Soundscape Project". Sound Heritage III/4, pp. 4-9.

Davis, Bruce; Huse, Peter (1974) "Cross-Canada Soundscape Tour 1973". Sound Heritage III/4, pp. 28-48.

Flusser, Victor (1993) "A Conversation with R. Murray Schafer". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol. II, no publisher, no pagination.

Iwatake, Toru (no date) Interview with Barry Truax. http://www.sfu.ca:80/~truax/barry.html. Visited Oct. 2003.

Smolders, Los (no date) "Hildegard Westerkamp" http://media.hyperreal.org/zines/est/intervs/westerk.html. Visited Oct. 2003.

Such, Peter (1972) "R. Murray Schafer" In: Soundprints: Contemporary Composers,

Peter Such. Toronto, Vancouver: Clarke, Irvin & Co. Ltd., pp. 126-162.

Westerkamp, Hildegard; Schafer, R. Murray (1981) "Wilderness Lake". Musicworks 15, pp. 20-21.


Secondary Literature

Adams, Stephen (1979) "R. Murray Schafer: A Bibliography". Open Letter IV/4-5, pp. 235-244.

Bradley, Susan (1983) Extra-musical References in the Works of R. Murray Schafer. Master’s thesis typescript. University of Alberta, Edmonton.

Breitsameter, Sabine (1998) SoundDeSignScapeSurfing. A review of Hans Ulrich Werner’s latest publication on acoustic design. Yearbook of Soundscape Studies I, pp. 151-153.

Davis, Bruce; Huse, Peter (1973) "Cross-Canada Soundscape Tour 1973". Sound Heritage III/4, 1974, pp. 28-48.

Elliot, Robin (1990) Untitled. [Liner notes to three CD set Schafer: 5 (CMC-CD 39/4090), Toronto: Centrediscs].

Fonterrada, Marisa (1993) "Music Education in Brasil - R. Murray Schafer’s Influence". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol.I, no publisher, no pagination.

Gainza, Violeta Hemsy de (1993) "Schafer’s Pedagogy of Music: An Analytical View of a Transcendental Approach". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol.I, no publisher, no pagination.

Gillmor, Alan (1981) "R. Murray Schafer". In: Encyclopedia of Music in Canada, ed. Helmut Kallmann, Gilles Potvin, Kenneth Winters. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, pp. 849-851.

Haag, Stefan (1993) "Decolonizig the North and R. Murray Schafer’s Project of Acoustc Ecology". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol.II, no publisher, no pagination.

Harley, Maria Anna (1998) "Canadian Identity, Deep Ecology and R. Murray Schafer’s The Princess of the Stars". In: "Yearbook of Soundscape Studies" I, pp. 119-142.

Järviluoma, Helmi (1998) "Briefly mentioned: J. Grano’s Pure Geography now available in English". Yearbook of Soundscape Studies I, pp. 164-165.

Järviluoma, Helmi (2000a) "Acoustic Environments in Change: Five Village Soundscapes Revisited" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/1, pp. 25.

Järviluoma, Helmi (2000b) "Acoustic Snapshots from Soundscapes voor 2000" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/1, p. 28-29.

Kahn, Douglas (2000) "The Acoustic World of Early Modern England: Attending to the O-Factor" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/2, pp. 31-32.

Kasemetz, Udo (1981) "Schafer, R. Murray". In: The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie. Vol. XVI, pp. 588-590.

Lopez, Francisco (1997) "Schizophonia vs. l’objet sonore". In: SoundScapeDesign. KlangWelten HorZeichen. ed. Hans Ulrich Werner. Basel: Akroama, pp. 158-161.

MacKenzie, Kirk (1993) "The Composer and the Soundscape: Influences of Soundscape Research and Aesthetics on the Compositions of R. Murray Schafer". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol.II, no publisher, no pagination.

McCaffery, Steve; Nichol, bp (1979) "An Introduction". Open Letter IV/4-5, pp. 5-6.

Rothenberg, David (1998) "The Waves Sign Through Us Within

and Without. Review of David Toop, Ocean of Sound". Yearbook of Soundscape Studies I, pp. 147-150.

Schafer, R. Murray (1998) "A review of A l’écoute de l’environnement. Repertoire des effets sonores, eds. Jean-Francois Augoyard and Henry Torgue. Yearbook of Soundscape Studies" I, pp. 158-163.

Steinitz, Richard (1992) "Schafer, R(aymond) Murray". In: Contemporary Composers, red. Brian Morteon, Pamela Collins. Chicago-London: St. James Press, pp. 813-817.

Sykes, Debra (1993) "The Tuning of the World: The First International Conference on Acoustic Ecology". Leonardo Music Journal III, pp. 82-83.

Torigoe, Keiko (1993) A Soniferous Garden of Rentaroh Taki. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol.II, no publisher, no pagination.

Truax, Barry (no date) "Barry Truax: Electroacoustic Composer and Acoustic Communication Researcher". http://www.sfu.ca:80/~truax/. Visited Oct. 2003.

Truax, Barry (no date) "Biographical Note". http://www.sfu.ca:80/~truax/bios.html. Visited Oct. 2003.

Truax, Barry (no date) "Publications". http://www.sfu.ca:80/~truax/cvpub.html. Visited Oct. 2003.

Truax, Barry (1974) "Soundscape Studies: An Introduction to the World Soundscape Project". Numus-West 5, pp. 36-39.

Truax, Barry (1977) "The Soundscape and Technology". Interface VI, pp. 1-8.

Truax, Barry; Westerkamp, Hildegard (1993) "The World Soundscape Project: 25 Years in Vancouver. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol.I, no publisher, no pagination.

Truax, Barry (1996) Soundscape, Acoustic Communication and Environmental Sound Composition. "Contemporary Music Review" XV/1, pp. 44-65.

Werner, Hans Ulrich (2000) "Sonic Geography – Real and Imaginary Sound Escape – International Conference on Acoustic Ecology, Trent University, Peterborough, June 28 – July 2" Soundscape, The Journal of Acoustic Ecology, 1/2, pp. 34-36.

Werner, Hans Ulrich (1993) "Sound-Environment Design, Germany Soundscapes". In: Proceedings of the First International Conference for Sound Ecology, "The Tuning of the World". Vol. II, no publisher, no pagination.

Werner, Hans Ulrich; "und insertionisten" (1997) SoundScapeDesign. KlangWelten HorZeichen. Basel: Akroama.

Wyman, Max (1974) "Review: The Vancouver Soundscape". Sound Heritage III/4, pp. 49-53.

Zapf, Donna (1981) "The World Soundscape Project Revisited". Musicworks 15, pp. 4-5.

Updated October 2003.

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