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Leonardo
Vol. 39, Issue 3 (2006)
Celebrating 40 years of Leonardo journal!
Leonardo is a print journal, published five times a year. Leonardo is edited by Leonardo/the International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology, and published by the MIT Press.
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LEONARDO 39:3 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Editorial
On the Verge of Avalanche
by Louise Poissant
After Midnight
New Media In Seoul
by John PhillipsStatements
Cyberangels: An Aesthetic Peace Plan for the Middle East
by Mel AlexenbergChasing Science Culture
by Chris RobinsonArtists' Notes
Artwork Using 3D Computed Tomography: Extending Radiology into the Realm of Visual Art
by Kai-Hung Fung
ABSTRACT: Artwork using data acquired from state-of-the-art multidetector computed tomography (CT) scanners, the author employs 3D CT as a creative medium to demonstrate the beauty of human anatomy. Utilizing this new technology, the author hopes to achieve a new meeting of art and science, extending radiology into the realm of visual art.Toward a New Kind of Image: Photosynthegraphy
by Céline Guesdon
ABSTRACT: The author presents a new way of creating images that taps into new interrogations of images. The link between art and technology lies at the heart of her research. She uses a prototype camera that makes it possible to generate a 3D mesh starting from a single photograph. She presents various photographic creations begun during earlier studies in order to explain how her work leads to the perception of photography as volume-images.
From Video Replay to the Relational Circuit to Threeing
by Paul RyanABSTRACT: The article traces the invention of the relational circuit, which makes possible an art of relationships called Threeing. This process of invention grew out of extensive video replay. Contrapposto made it possible to depict motion in stone. The relational circuit likewise makes possible a formal art of relationships for three people. This art form can be viewed in the light of relational aesthetics, a theory that judges artwork based on how it prompts inter-human activity and engagement with the world.
General Article
ZENetic Computer: Exploring Japanese Culture
by Naoko Tosa and Seigow Matsuoka
ABSTRACT: The authors present ZENetic Computer as a means of cultural translation using scientific methods to represent essential aspects of Japanese culture. Using images--deriving from Buddhism and other Asian concepts, sansui (landscape) painting, poetry and kimonos--that have not heretofore been the focus of computing, the authors project the style of communication developed by Zen schools over hundreds of years into an exotic computing world that users can explore. Through encounters with Zen koans and haiku, the user is constantly and sharply forced to confirm his or her self-awareness for purposes of the story. There is no one right answer to be found anywhere.Special Section: CAA 2005
Perspectives on Collaborative Research and Education in Media Arts
by George Legrady
ABSTRACT: Digital arts is by nature a hybrid practice, integrating the poetics, aesthetics and conceptual strategies of art with the logical, systematic methods of technological processes from engineering and the sciences. This article reviews the development of interdisciplinary, collaborative arts-engineering research and education at the University of California at Santa Barbara, focusing on the Media Arts & Technology graduate program from a visual/spatial arts perspective.The Artists and the Scientific Research Environment
by Daniel J. Sandin, Tom DeFanti, Lou Kauffman and Yvonne Spielmann
ABSTRACT: The authors reflect on the experiences of collaboration between artists and scientists at the Electronic Visualization Laboratory at the University of Illinois at Chicago. They outline the measures that enable both media artists and computer scientists to benefit from the collaborations. In particular, if long-term collaborations art to be successful, the collaborators must garner rewards not only in the field of the collaboration but also in their own respective academic or professional fields.Color Plates
Special Section: ArtScience: The Essential Connection
Albert Michelson, Painter of Light
by Robert Root-BernsteinThe Helium Stockpile A Collaboration in Mathematical Folding Sculpture
by Erik D. Demaine, Martin L. Demaine and A. Laurie PalmerABSTRACT: The Helium Stockpile is a manipulable folding structure of hundreds of wooden blocks, representing the transformation between surface and solid through a foldable one-dimensional chain. The sculpture grew out of an unexpected collaboration betwen a sculptor and two mathematicians, giving the structure a mathematical basis through which it is guaranteed to be foldable into essentially any three-dimensional shape.
Extended Memory: Early Calculating Engines and Historical Computer Simulation
by David Mather
ABSTRACT: When framed within cognitive theory's extended mind hypothesis, Charles Babbage's 19th century calculating machines illustrate a distinction between accuracy and flexibility. These properties affect how historical data and memory are organized, providing conceptual linkages for mind-machine integration. The distinction between accuraacy and flexibility is also apparent in present-day computer simulations that use historical scenarios, such as virtual-reality software designed for the Bloody Sunday Inquiry, history-based video games and other art and entertainment software applications. These contemporary examples share one important feature of extended mind: the incorporation of history or personal memory into a shared memory system.
Reduction of Physiological Stress Using Fractal Art and Architecture
by R.P. Taylor
ABSTRACT: The author reviews visual perception studies showing that fractal patterns possess an aesthetic quality based on their visual complexity. Specifically, people display an aesthetic preference for patterns with mid-range fractal dimensions, irrespective of the method used to generate them. The author builds upon these studies by presenting preliminary research indicating that mid-range fractals also affect the observer's physiological condition. The potential for incorporating these fractals into art and architecture as a novel approach to reducing stress is also discussed.
Rembrandt's Portraits: Approach or Avoid?
by James A. Schirillo and Melissa A. FoxABSTRACT: In 74% of Rembrandt's female portraits, the subject's left cheek faces the viewer. However, this occurs in only 26% of his male portraits. This asymmetry is consistent with viewers' assessment of Rembrandt's left-cheeked male portraits as preferably avoided, which may indicate that aggressive dominance is governed by the contralateral right hemisphere of the brain, while the rating of left-cheeked female faces as prefereably approached may indicate sexual attractiveness. Rembrandt's exposed-cheek gender difference suggests that both sexual selection and dominance are governed by the more emotionally oriented right cerebral hemisphere.
Leonardo Reviews
Reviews by Roy R. Behrens, Martha Blassnigg, Andrea Dahlberg, Anthony Enns, Allan Graubard, Dene Grigar, Rob Harle, Amy Ione, John Knight, Michael R. Mosher, Robert Pepperrell, Kathleen Quillian, Aparna Sharma, George Shortess, Eugene Thacker, Pia Tikka, Stefaan Van Ryssen, Claudia WestermannLeonardo Network News
Updated 14 June 2006
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